- Section 5: Procurement, Logistics
and Supply Chain Management
SMARTMAN ICT - An e-procurement solution
for organisations
S. Ristol
Strategies for Electronic Procurement
- Possibilities and Risks
D. Knudsen, R. Lindroth, E. Larsson
Strategies for E-fulfillment -Changes
in the logistics value chain
F. Straube, A. Lueck
Wireless identification revolutionizes
the supply chain?
J. Holmström, C. Winquist, V. Kämäräinen
Electronic Procurement Solutions for
Small and Medium Enterprises
R. Alard, I. Hartel, R. Hieber
SupplyPoint: An integrated system supporting
e-business in the construction sector
S. Kerridge, C. Halaris, Gregory Menzas
B2B-ECOM: Open Standards for Inter-Operable
e-Catalogues
E. van Roessel, P. Kesteloot, P. Howgate
The E-NTRY Web-based E-commerce Platform:
an advanced infrastructure supporting Tendering, Bidding and
Contract Negotiation
E. Coscia, S. Nicolodi, R. Doyle, A.Slade, K. Ginty, T.A. Shamsi
, L. Ioannou, P. M. Chrissohoos
VESI - The Solution For Interorganisational
Dynamic Supply Chains
R. Ahlers
Requirements and Business Models for
Practical Trading Tools and Broker Services for Efficient Bidding
and Procurement in the Tile Industry
O. Peters, J. Zabel, F. Weber
Pre-notified trucks pass the gate faster
F. Arendt
Modelling to support an eBusiness environment
in the Feed Industry
I. Hunt, J.-C. Carillette, L. Callewaert
B to B Electronic Commerce Server with
Virtual Market
T. Kaihara
Customer controlled e-logistics
J.T.W. Damen
- XML-based
Internet Communication for Advanced External Logistics
K. Fürst, T. Schmidt
The KARE eBusiness Strategy for the Acquisition
and Supply of One-of-a-kind Products
D. Mòller, K. Heimannsfeld, D. Schaper
SMARTMAN
ICT - An e-procurement solution for organisations
Santi RISTOL
SEMA GROUP sae - Av. Diagonal, 210-218. 08018 Barcelona, Spain
SMARTMAN ICT is an e-procurement
solution for organisations that will allow creating virtual communities
with their suppliers. This tool was obtained in the BRITE-EURAM
project SMArTMAN SME that was developed between 1997 and 2000
by a European consortium with companies from Austria, Germany,
Norway and Spain. The project has focused on pragmatic methods
and tools for European SMEs. Applied research has had an SME-specific
approach including strategic decision support, new organisational
and management concept. Human and cultural factors have been
explicitly included in this approach. As a result benefits for
industry as well as for individuals in a multi-company system
have been realised
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Strategies
for Electronic Procurement - Possibilities and Risks
Daniel KNUDSEN, Robert LINDROTH and Everth LARSSON
Department of Design Sciences, Logistics, Lund University, P.O.
Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
In today's business society
we can see numerous examples of organisations that are developing
new processes for electronic procurement. Our newspapers are
filled with articles on the topic - usually they are very positive
in the reports of cost savings and lead-time reductions and enormous
possibilities for entrepreneurs to earn large amounts of money.
But there might also be drawbacks with electronic procurement.
In this article we use a positive but critical approach to the
phenomenon electronic procurement and thereby we can identify
and discuss potential hazards, threats and strategic implications
for companies that are involved in electronic procurement.
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Strategies
for E-fulfillment -Changes in the logistics value chain
Dr. Frank STRAUBE and
André LUECK
Zentrum fuer Logistik und Unternehmensplanung GmbH, Voltastrasse
5
13355 Berlin, Germany
Highly performing logistics
processes are of extraordinary importance for the success of
e-business models. This paper discusses main changes within existing
logistics value chains necessary to fulfil e-business demands
as well as main parameters which have to be considered when planning
new logistics processes. A possible scenario for the fulfilment
of consumer demands is shown in detail. The last part explains
e-business related developments of logistics service providers
who can generate new business through specialised e-fulfilment
services.
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Wireless
identification revolutionizes the supply chain?
Jan HOLMSTRÖM(1),
Christoffer WINQUIST(2) and Vesa KÄMÄRÄINEN(1)
(1) TAI Research Centre, Helsinki University of Technology, POB
9555, FIN-02015 HUT, Finland
(2) McKinsey & Company, Mannerheimintie 14A, FIN-00100 Helsinki,
Finland
The basic technology for mobile
Internet and e-commerce applications already exists, and is poised
to serve as a major source of value innovation over the next
few years. In the supply chain it is the wireless identification
of both people and things that is set to play a key role in the
next wave of rapid change. In this paper focus is on two specific
areas of opportunity in the supply chain area based on wireless
identification, i.e. proactive delivery such as dynamic replenishment
or preventive maintenance, and responsive offerings - without
a previous relationship - based on recognizing the identity of
persons and objects.
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Electronic
Procurement Solutions for Small and Medium Enterprises
Robert ALARD, Ingo
HARTEL and Ralf HIEBER
Center for Enterprise Science (BWI)
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zurich
Zurichbergstrasse 18, 8028 Zurich, Switzerland
Concepts for cooperation and
coordination across enterprise boundaries are becoming more and
more popular. In addition to supply chain management so-lu-tions,
Business-to-Business solutions in particular are undergoing major
growth. One of the most important B2B applications is electronic
procurement. The paper gives an overview of electronic procurement
approaches that allow SME to build and optimize procurement business
processes. A case study of a project partner in the mechanical
engineering industry will demonstrate the kinds of potentials
and bene-fits new generations of XML-based IT systems can offer
to a supply chain of SME. Here the focus is not only on technical
innovations, but also on the or-gani-za-tional impact on organizations
and procurement processes. This serves to indicate the kind of
IT systems and organizational aspects that are essential for
managing pro-curement processes. The paper will end up with an
outlook on future develop-ments of E-Procurement systems.
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SupplyPoint:
An integrated system supporting e-business in the construction
sector
Simon KERRIDGE(1) Christos
HALARIS(2)and Gregory MENZAS(2)
(1)Centre for Electronic Commerce, University of Sunderland,
Informatics Building-201, St. Peter's Campus, St. Peter's Way,
Sunderland, SR6 0DD, United Kingdom.
(2)Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National
Technical University of Athens, Patission 42, Athens 10682, Greece.
The rapid evolution of e-business
in the past few years has introduced new ways for organisations
to perform standard processes. In the construction sector most
of the efforts have been focused on the tendering and bidding
process. As a result many electronic tendering systems have already
been developed and are currently in use, mainly in the USA, Canada,
Europe and Australia, supporting basically the search for tenders
and the acquisition of tender documents. The SupplyPoint system
has been developed in order to electronically support and automate
the whole tendering/bidding process providing, in addition to
search facilities of current systems, a collaboration platform
that could support - in a virtual manner - the formation of consortia.
The system is partly funded by the European Commission under
the ESPRIT Programme (EP-27007) and is currently under the final
stage of development and testing.
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B2B-ECOM:
Open Standards for Inter-Operable e-Catalogues
Eugene VAN ROESSEL(1),
Pieter KESTELOOT(1) and Peter HOWGATE(2)
(1) WTCM, Celestijnenlaan 300 C, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
(2) Pindar Systems plc, Ryedale Building, Piccadilly, York Yorkshire,
YO1 9WU, UK
B2B-ECOM develops a framework
for catalogues - an e-market place - which connects players within
supply chains by linking each other's catalogues and adding services
that cannot exist using only paper catalogues. The proliferation
of proprietary technology, formats and closed catalogue systems
will hinder rather than promote e-commerce and the integration
of supply chains. B2B-ECOM promotes interoperation and connects
services from players within supply chains, and empowers them
as partners to jointly enhance consumer relationships, feedback
and services. As such the technology is no longer an afterthought
in forming business strategy, but can be the actual cause of
the driver for new business models and ways of trading to develop.
Within the project major European players experiment whether
barriers for take-up can arise from socio-economic aspects and
build critical mass in anticipation of market maturity.
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The
E-NTRY Web-based E-commerce Platform: an advanced infrastructure
supporting Tendering, Bidding and Contract Negotiation
E. Coscia, S. Nicolodi,
R. Doyle, A.Slade, K. Ginty, T.A. Shamsi , L. Ioannou, P. M.
Chrissohoos
TXT Ingegneria Informatica (Italy)
British Maritime Technologies (Gb)
University of Sunderland (Gb)
TEAM (Italy)
OTE Hellenic Telecommunication Organisation (Gr)
Intracom (Gr)
The E-NTRY Project is focused
on the design and development of an innovative Internet-based
E-Commerce platform (E-NTRY) to support the 3 key processes of:
Tendering, Bidding and Contract Negotiation. The E-NTRY goal
is to enable more open, transparent, fair and, at the same time,
more efficient and cost-effective industrial procurement practices.
Users will be assisted to avoid ambiguities and incompleteness
in Tender and Bid documents, to reuse materials produced in similar
past experiences, to send and receive the Tendering Documents
electronically with full account taken of security aspects. For
this purpose, XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is used to give
standard structure to the large amount of information managed
by the E-NTRY tools and to enhance the interoperability among
all the different tools. The use of HTML pages, Java applets
and servlet, and HTTP protocol provides user-friendly GUIs to
electronically browse, retry and exchange documents in a secure
way, using the Internet.
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VESI
- The Solution For Interorganisational Dynamic Supply Chains
Reinhard AHLERS
BALance Technology Consulting GmbH, Contrescarpe 45, D-28195
Bremen, Germany
The implementation of Virtual
Enterprise (VE) technologies promises a high optimisation potential
specially for project orientated industries like the maritime
industry. The VESI (Virtual Enterprise System Integrator) developed
by the DYCONET project will be a "socket" for VE integration
based on the requirements of the shipbuilding industry. The requirements
as well as the basic elements of VESI are described within this
paper.
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Requirements
and Business Models for Practical Trading Tools and Broker Services
for Efficient Bidding and Procurement in the Tile Industry
Olaf PETERS, Jörg
ZABEL, Frithjof WEBER
Bremen Institute of Industrial Technology and Applied Work Science
(BIBA) at the University of Bremen, P.O. Box 330560, D-28335
Bremen, Germany
This paper describes the first
results of the European project e.bip (IST-1999-10710), which
aims to innovate the bidding and procurement processes of tile
layers by establishing a new broker service in the supply chain
of the tile industry. The paper outlines different generic e-broker
models and describes the concept of the e.bip broker service.
The objective of the service is to support the co-operation between
tile manufacturers, wholesalers and building contractors as well
as provide a virtual market place to carry out electronic negotiation,
ordering and invoicing and increase the availability of product
characteristics.
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Pre-notified
trucks pass the gate faster
Frank ARENDT
Institute of Shipping Economics and Logistics (ISL)
Universitätsallee GW 1 Block A, D-28539 Bremen, Germany
Intermodal transport is efficient
through combining the best of different transport modes. One
of the focus points of the COREM project is the link between
truck and sea transport in order to support a smooth transfer
of goods from one carrier to another. As one result, trucks can
now notify the terminal of their arrival and consequently pass
procedures faster in the Bremerhaven container terminal. A success
story for co-operative eWork in intermodal transport.
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Modelling
to support an eBusiness environment in the Feed Industry
Ingrid Hunt¹,
Jean-Claude Carillette², Lieven Callewaert ²
¹CIMRU, National University of Ireland, Galway;Tel. + 353
91 750414;Fax. +353 91 562894 ²OM Partners nv ,Michielssendreef
40-48,B-2930 Brasschaat, Belguim
Electronic Commerce is on the
increase in many industries, as organisations expand online ventures
and set up electronic supply chains. The feed industry is just
one of the many industries who want to get on the bandwagon of
eBusiness success. This industry like others are facing challenges,
causing their organisations to reflect on how they can change
their infrastructure. The impact of e-Commerce is so pervasive
and as a result of the fast pace of change organisations in all
sectors need to develop strategies for the effective integration
of their supply chain activities. The key to a successful eBusiness
is not only to concentrate on the technology itself but also
to decide the way forward for the business. After deciding on
how the business wants to move forward then the technological
solutions can be determined. This paper discusses the work of
the CHAINFEED (A dynamic networked virtual supply CHAIN for co-operative
resource planing in FEED related production, IST-1999-10625)
project, whose industrial partners are organisations in the feed
industry. The efficient delivery of feed and services to the
farmers and the information needed by the consumers is a critical
component for the feed industry. Determining the most efficient
and effective way of achieving this will provide this industry
with the necessary IT tools for greater process efficiencies.
The paper informs on the development of a model for dynamic networked
and virtual organisations within this industry and thus facilitating
co-operation and the inter-operation of business processes within
an eBusiness environment.
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B
to B Electronic Commerce Server with Virtual Market
Toshiya KAIHARA
University of Marketing and Distribution Sciences
3-1, Gakuen-nishi, Nishi, Kobe 651-2188, Japan
B to B Electronic Commerce
(EC) technology is now in progress and is regarded as an information
infrastructure for global business. As the number and diversity
of EC participants grows at the agile environment, the complexity
of purchasing from a vast and dynamic array of goods and services
needs to be hidden from the end user. Putting the complexity
into the EC system instead means providing flexible auction server
for enabling commerce within different business units. Market
mechanism could solve the product distribution problem in the
auction server by allocating the scheduled resources according
to market prices. In this paper, we propose an auction server
for B to B EC with market-oriented programming that mediates
amongst unspecified various companies in the trade, and demonstrate
the applicability of the economic analysis to this framework.
The proposed server facilitates sophisticated B to B EC, which
conducts a Pareto optimal solution for all the participating
business units, in the coming agile era.
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Customer
controlled e-logistics
J.T.W. DAMEN
KPN Research, P.O. Box 421, 2260 AK Leidschendam, The Netherlands
The lack of adequate flexibility
in logistics is a major obstacle for e-commerce. Logistics service
providers can not cope sufficiently with demands for services
that fit within the e-commerce paradigm. E-logistics, the logistics
part of e-commerce, has to deal with: individualized treatment;
full customer control; virtual, decentralized and dynamic environment.
In general, logistics systems are mainly based on fixed chains
of processes, and therefore are not prepared for e-logistics.
Service Controlled Agile Logistics (SCAL) - a new model for logistics
control - is shown to fulfil the requirements for e-logistics.
The paper describes the SCAL model in the context of e-logistics
and the background from which it has been derived. It briefly
shows a simulation and some preliminary results, and puts the
model into a broader perspective for future development.
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- XML-based
Internet Communication for Advanced External Logistics
Karl FÜRST and Thomas SCHMIDT
Institute of Flexible Automation, Vienna University of Technology,
Gusshausstrasse 27-29/361, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
- In this paper, a complete
concept for Internet Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) - a well-known
buzzword in the area of logistics and supply chain management
to enable the automation of the interactions between companies
and their partners - using XML (eXtensible Markup Language) will
be proposed. This approach is based on Internet and XML, because
the implementation of traditional EDI (e.g. EDIFACT, ANSI X.12)
is mostly too costly for small and medium sized enterprises,
which want to integrate their suppliers and customers in a supply
chain. The paper will also present the results of the implementation
of a prototype for such a system, which has been developed for
an industrial partner to improve the current situation of parts
delivery. The main functions of this system are an early warning
system to detect problems during the parts delivery process as
early as possible, and a transport following system to pursuit
the transportation.
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The
KARE eBusiness Strategy for the Acquisition and Supply of One-of-a-kind
Products
Dirk MÜLLER, Klaus HEIMANNSFELD and Daniel SCHAPER
Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University Clausthal
Robert-Koch-Str.32, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, GERMANY
The Knowledge Acquisition and
Sharing for Requirements Engineering (KARE) project develops
a distributed engineering environment called the KARE workbench
that integrates knowledge and requirements engineering. The main
two goals of KARE are to improve the requirements engineering
(RE) process communication between customer and supplier in an
invitation-to-tender or a bid and to improve the quality in terms
of ambiguity and completeness of the product specification used
for the bid. The approach is furthermore complemented by a process
to identify existing products that can be used directly or which
can be adapted to fulfil the developed specification. A key aspect
of the KARE workbench is the ability to interact with commercial
off the shelf (COTS) tools by supporting the emerging STEP XML
standard and CORBA interfaces. More information about the KARE
project can be found under http://www.kare.org/.
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