Section 4: Knowledge-based
Enterprises
Knowledge Workers and the Psychological
Contract
P.C. Flood, T. Turner, D. D'art
A Virtual Database Management System
For The Internet
A. Pan, L. Ardao, M. Álvarez, J. Raposo, Á. Viña
Information age business and knowledge-driven
virtual market places
D. Bönke, E. Ammann, J. Zabel, P. Constanta
The Development of FactManager™
- Delivering tailored content management solutions for Portals
P. M Cunningham
Intangible Asset Management: Recognising,
Valuing and Managing Intellectual Capital
P. O'Regan, D. O'Donnell
Corporate Memory Management through Agents
P. Perez, H. Karp, R. Dieng, O. Corby, A. Giboin, F. Gandon,
J. Quinqueton, A. Poggi, G. Rimassa, C. Fietta, J. Mueller, J.
Hackstein
Inter- and Intra-Organisational Barriers
to Sharing Knowledge in the Extended Supply-Chain
R.J Barson, G. Foster, T. Struck, S. Ratchev, K. Pawar, F. Weber,
M. Wunram
KnowCat: a Knowledge Crystallisation
Tool
R. Cobos, X. Alamán
Measurement System for the Evaluation
of R&D Knowledge in the Engineering Sector
K. Wagner, I. Hauss, A. Polterauer, L. Saikkonen, Timo Koistinen
Knowledge Management and Trust in the
new Enterprises
K. Kosanke
People and Knowledge in the NetEconomy
F. García Pastor
Knowledgeable Information Brokering
W. Jansweijer, E. van de Stadt, J van Liesholt, J. Bruker
On-To-Knowledge: Ontology-based Tools
for Knowledge Management
D. Fensel, F. Van Harmelen, M. Klein, H. Akkermans, J. Broekstra,
C. Fluit, J. Van Der Meer, H.-P. Schnurr, R. Studer; J. Hughes,
U. Krohn, J. Davies, R.T Engels, B. Bremdal, F. Ygge; T. Lau,
B. Novotny, U. Reimer, I. Horrocks
Technologies for Intelligent Information
Retrieval from WWW
A. Hovila, M. Linna, T. Rintala
Knowledge
Workers and the Psychological Contract
Patrick C. FLOOD, Thomas
TURNER and Daryl D'ART
Work Research Institute
University of Limerick
Limerick
Ireland
As organisations shift the
central focus of their competitive strategy away from value appropriation
towards value creation it is to knowledge workers that they will
look to provide the innovation to fuel their continued development.
The state of the relationship between the knowledge worker and
the employer-the psychological contract-will determine whether
this source of innovation and creativity is released. Using a
survey of knowledge workers carried out in eleven companies in
the high technology and financial services sectors, the relationship
between satisfaction with the psychological contract and organisational
outcomes is addressed. Overall the survey confirms that the psychological
contract for knowledge workers is an important determinant of
employee commitment and willingness to remain with the organisation.
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A
Virtual Database Management System For The Internet
Alberto Pan, Lucía Ardao, Manuel Álvarez, Juan
Raposo and Ángel Viña
University of A Coruña. Spain
Dpto. Electrónica y Sistemas. Campus de Elviña
S/N, Universidad de A Coruña. Spain
Virtual Databases (VDB's) differ
from standard databases because data are not really stored into
the database. In turn data can be stored remotely in several
heterogeneous semi-structured sources. Virtual databases offer
a uniform way to query and integrate this information. We present
a VDB system which focuses in the reuse of the public information
available in the World Wide Web, providing programmers with an
easy and quick way to use that information.
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Information
age business and knowledge-driven virtual market places
Dietmar BÖNKE(1), Eckhard AMMANN(2), Jörg ZABEL(3),
Penelope CONSTANTA(4)
(1)Fachhochschule Reutlingen, Alteburgstraße 150, D-72762
Reutlingen, Germany, FON (2)Fachhochschule Reutlingen, Alteburgstraße
150, D-72762 Reutlingen, Germany, FON (3)Bremen Institute of
Industrial Technology and Applied Work Science (BIBA), P.O. Box
33 05 60, D-28335 Bremen, Germany
(4)Institute of Computer Science, FORTH, P.O. Box 1385, GR-71110
Heraklion, Greece,
For the production in an e-business environment digitalisation
of economy requires an excellent coordination in virtual customer-related
organisations. The efficiency depends on the competence to integrate
knowledge into processes. There with the value of products and
production in an information age society is based on the value
of knowledge. The effects of this development can be seen in
innovative forms of marketplaces and new aspects of business
like information brokering, consumer-driven virtual cooperation
as well as the material and immaterial accounting of knowledge.
This leads to future challenges and opportunities especially
concerning global markets of sourcing and distribution, the competition
and competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises as
well as the value of knowledge in an information oriented global
society.
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The
Development of FactManager™ - Delivering tailored content
management solutions for Portals
Paul M CUNNINGHAM, President & CEO,
International Information Management Corporation (IIMC)
The Powerhouse, Pigeon House Harbour, Dublin 4, Ireland.
International Information Management
Corporation ("IIMC") is a specialist technology architect
that provides tailored content solutions to Internet portals.
IIMC (www.iimg.com) procures, integrates, manages and tailors
content for portals, and develops technology to automate that
process. This suite of XML based tools and reusable components
is called FactManager. FactManager based solutions help operators
to create brand loyalty and community, increased traffic and
additional revenue opportunities. FactManager can also automate
the filtering of content relevant to a given profile, reflecting
geographic, linguistic, cultural and industry characteristics.
Issues addressed in this paper include the benefits of designing
FactManager as a component architecture, managing the multilingual
and multicultural challenges of global e-commerce, and how compelling
content can differ depending on a range of influences. A number
of case studies will be used to illustrate how tailored solutions
are delivered to clients.
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Intangible
Asset Management: Recognising, Valuing and Managing Intellectual
Capital
Philip O'REGAN and David O'DONNELL
College of Business, University of Limerick, Ireland
The dawning awareness that
intellectual capital in its various guises now forms a major
part of the resource base of not only individual firms, but also
entire industries, is causing managers and accountants to review
the manner in which it can be managed and measured. A key constraint
in determining how to proceed, however, has been a lack of empirical
data. The Irish software/telecoms sector provides an ideal research
framework for any such investigation. In recent years it has
established itself as the largest software exporter in the world
and been one of the primary engines of growth in an economy that
has experienced real growth of 37% in 5 years, a rate unparalleled
in the developed world. This paper is based on in-depth interviews
with the Chief Executive Officers of thirty knowledge-intensive,
indigenous Irish organisations. What emerges is a template that
will assist in the recognition, management and valuation of this
increasingly important resource.
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Corporate
Memory Management through Agents
Philippe PEREZ, Hervé KARP Atos Integration; Rose DIENG,
Olivier CORBY, Alain GIBOIN, Fabien GANDON INRIA; Joel QUINQUETON
LIRMM; Agostino POGGI, Giovanni RIMASSA University of Parma;
Claudio FIETTA CSELT; Juergen MUELLER, Joachim HACKSTEIN T-Nova
The CoMMA project (Corporate
Memory Management through Agents) aims at developing an open,
agent-based platform for the management of a corporate memory
by using the most advanced results on the technical, the content,
and the user interaction level. We focus here on methodologies
for the set-up of multi-agent systems, requirement engineering
and knowledge acquisition approaches.
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Inter-
and Intra-Organisational Barriers to Sharing Knowledge in the
Extended Supply-Chain
Richard J BARSON(1), Gillian FOSTER(1), Thomas STRUCK(1), Svetan
RATCHEV(1), Kulwant PAWAR(1), Frithjof WEBER(2), and Michael
WUNRAM(2)
(1)School of Mechanical, Materials, Manufacturing Engineering
and Management
The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7
2RD, UK
(2)Department of Computer-Aided Design, Planning and Production
Bremen Institute of Industrial Technology and Work Science at
the University of Bremen, PO-Box 33 05 60, D-28335 Bremen, Germany
2
This paper aims to describe
the main barriers to knowledge sharing in the extended enterprise.
The barriers were identified through a literature review and
work with industrial companies. The barriers have been categorised
according to the TOP (Technology, Organisation, People) classification.
The main finding is that the majority of barriers are concerned
with people issues.
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KnowCat:
a Knowledge Crystallisation Tool
Ruth COBOS and Xavier ALAMÁN
E.T.S.I. - Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
We present KnowCat, a knowledge
management solution that supports the crystallisation of collective
knowledge as the result of user interactions. This knowledge
is stored in the World Wide Web and KnowCat works as a knowledge
repository where new knowledge is classified by a process based
on user opinions. This classification process is what we call
"knowledge crystallisation". When new knowledge is
added to the Web, the system assigns to it a low degree of crystallisation.
When the knowledge is used, it may achieve higher or lower crystallisation
degrees, depending on the patterns of its usage. Knowledge crystallisation
is a matter of time, use and opinions of users, where opinions
from experts have more impact than opinions from novices or occasional
users.
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Measurement
System for the Evaluation of R&D Knowledge in the Engineering
Sector
Dipl.-Ing. Kristina WAGNER(1), Dipl.-Ing. Ilja HAUSS(1), Mag.
Andrea POLTERAUER(2)
Leena SAIKKONEN3, Timo KOISTINEN(3)
(1)Institute for Human Factors and Technology Management (IAT),
University of Stuttgart, Nobelstrasse 12, D-70569 Stuttgart,
Germany
(2)Profactor Produktionsforschungs GmbH, Wehrgrabengasse 1-5,
A-4400 Steyr, Austria
(3)QPR Software Oy, Valkjärventie2, P.O.Box 12, FI-02131
Espoo, Finland
The efficient and effective
use and development of knowledge becomes a decisive factor for
securing the competitive success. Thus this valuable resource
has to be considered, made transparent and evaluated, in order
to enable an optimal strategic planning. The EU-project MAGIC
is developing a measurement methodology and a software based
on the evaluation of critical success factors under special consideration
of Intellectual Capital. The MAGIC tools enable companies to
measure their immaterial values in a pragmatic and structured
way. The project described below is realised by the Institute
for Human Factors and Technology Management (IAT) of the University
of Stuttgart, Germany, Q.P.R. Software Oy, Finland and Profactor
Produktionsforschungs GmbH, Austria and several European companies
from different branches as pilot users.
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Knowledge
Management and Trust in the new Enterprises
Kurt KOSANKE,
CIMOSA Association e.V. Stockholmer Str. 7, D-71034 Böblingen,
Germany
Extended, virtual and agile
enterprises cause new requirements on organisational concepts
and supporting technologies. One rather important aspect in these
types of enterprises is trust between co-operating partners.
Trust that to a large extend is based on knowledge about partners,
e.g. operational capabilities, financial aspects, etc. A sufficient
knowledge base and the ability to share this knowledge with partners
will be key to success in the new enterprise paradigm. This real-time
knowledge is needed to support the establishment, deployment
and discontinuation of the inter-organisational relations. Business-process
modelling will provide for knowledge capturing and its management
as well as for model based decision support and will thereby
enable the new forms of enterprise operation. The paper is concerned
with knowledge capturing and its management in the light of operational
decision-support. It illustrates business process based knowledge
capturing and presents standardisation activities in the field
of Enterprise Engineering and Integration.
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People
and Knowledge in the NetEconomy
Fabián GARCÍA PASTOR
Meta4
Centro Europa Empresarial. Rozabella, 8
28230 Las Rozas. Madrid. Spain
This paper intends to show
the importance of integrating people management to achieve an
efficient knowledge management, as well as describing the main
advances achieved in that area. On the other hand, the implementation
of new business and working methods (eBusiness and eWork) are
facilitating the creation of new ways to carry out knowledge
management and distribution. In this sense, this document highlights
some of the uses of functionality and models that will soon be
included in the actual products.
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Knowledgeable
Information Brokering
Wouter JANSWEIJER(1), Erica VAN DE STADT(2), Jan VAN LIESHOUT(2)
and Joost BREUKER(1)
(1)University of Amsterdam, Dept. of Social Science Informatics,
Roetersstraat 15, 1018 WB Amsterdam, the Netherlands
(2)WizWise Technology, P.O. Box 13378, 3507 LJ Utrecht, the Netherlands
We present a conceptual architecture
for a Knowledge Worker Desktop Environment (KDE), that should
help the Knowledge Worker in his day-to-day tasks by giving guidance,
finding relevant information and giving support in storing information
for later reuse. The conceptual architecture is worked out to
the level of a number of functional components. An active knowledgeable
information broker forms the heart of KDE.
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On-To-Knowledge:
Ontology-based Tools for Knowledge Management
Dieter FENSEL, Frank
VAN HARMELEN, Michel KLEIN, Hans AKKERMANS (1);
and Jeen BROEKSTRA, Christiaan FLUIT, Jos VAN DER MEER (2);
Hans-Peter SCHNURR, Rudi STUDER (3); John HUGHES, Uwe KROHN,
John DAVIES (4); Robert ENGELS, Bernt BREMDAL (5); Fredrik YGGE
(6);
Thorsten LAU, Bernd NOVOTNY, Ulrich REIMER (7); Ian HORROCKS
(8)
(1) Free University Amsterdam VUA, Division of Mathematics and
Informatics
De Boelelaan 1081a, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
(2) AIdministrator, Amersfoort, The Netherlands; (3) AIFB - University
of Karlsruhe, Germany; (4) BT, Ipswich, UK; (5) CognIT, Oslo,
Norway; (6) Enersearch AB, Gothenburg, Sweden; (7) Swiss Life,
Zürich, Switzerland; (8) University of Manchester, UK.
On-To-Knowledge, the European
EU-IST project No. 10132, builds an ontology-based tool environment
to speed up knowledge management, dealing with the large numbers
of heterogeneous, distributed, and semi-structured documents
typically found in large company intranets and the World-Wide
Web. Results aimed for by the project are: (1) a toolset for
semantic information processing and user access; (2) OIL, an
ontology-based inference layer on top of the World-Wide Web;
(3) an associated methodology; (4) validation by industrial case
studies. This paper gives an overview of the On-To-Knowledge
approach to knowledge management.
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Technologies
for Intelligent Information Retrieval from WWW
Ari HOVILA and Matti
LINNA and Tommi RINTALA
University of Vaasa, PO BOX 700, 65101, Vaasa, Finland
Information is digitally created,
stored, and distributed today. To make business benefits out
of that information, one has to be able to breed it into useful
knowledge. Although operational databases provide us with exact
figures, knowledge assets are often hidden in textual documents,
like manuals, memos, e-mail messages and business letters. Finding
knowledge contained in the documents distributed over the Internet
further extends the scope. Tools are actively being developed
to support document and knowledge management. For example, University
of Vaasa is currently participating in an EU supported project
called "Know-Web, Web in Support of Knowledge Management
in Company" (ESPRIT Project 29065), which is constructing
both a methodological and technological framework for knowledge
management. Based on our experiences from this and other projects,
we promote the use of structured text, such as XML (Extensible
Mark-up Language), not only for documentation but also for providing
metadata.
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